Many of my clients are coming to me and asking about gluten – what is it and why are people avoiding it? Why all of a sudden is everyone talking about gluten and who should be concerned? I hope to answer these questions in this article.
Gluten is a storage protein that is found in wheat, rye, barley, and some oats Oats contain gluten from contamination in the facility. The main two groups whereas gluten is problematic are for people with Celiac disease and gluten sensitivity. Celiac disease is one of the most common genetic disorders in the world and affects about 1% (~300 million people in US alone) of the population. It is an autoimmune disorder where the body attacks itself. Every time even small amounts of gluten are eaten, the body attacks itself and the lining of the small intestine. The small intestine is where we absorb most of our dietary nutrients. Therefore, malabsorption and malnourishment can occur if the small intestine is affected. A lifelong and strict gluten-free diet is necessary with this condition.
Gluten sensitive people test negative for Celiac disease but symptoms improve when gluten-free. Gluten sensitivity occurs in about 6-10% of the population. This means that 90% of the population has no sensitivity to gluten at all! Gluten sensitivity often affects people with Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS), autoimmune diseases (Rheumatoid Arthritis, Multiple Sclerosis, Crohns, and Type 1 diabetes), and individuals with inflammatory conditions (Lyme disease, fibromyalgia).
The symptoms for both types of people overlap which can be confusing. Common symptoms include stomach pain, diarrhea, gas and bloating. Symptoms can sometimes be silent even while damage is still occurring. Long term health risks for Celiac disease include anemia, osteoporosis, cancer, infertility and other autoimmune diseases.
It is always recommended to get tested for Celiac disease before going gluten-free because individuals must be eating gluten for the test to be accurate. A celiac test is a blood test that is about 95% accurate. There are no great diagnostic tests yet for gluten sensitivity. Try a gluten-free trial for 2-3 months to see if symptoms improve.
So how does one adapt a gluten-free lifestyle? The important point is to eat REAL and unprocessed foods. Elimination of gluten will then be straightforward. Real foods include fruits, vegetables, nuts, seeds, beans, eggs, milk, most yogurts, chicken, fish, wild rice, herbs and honey. Gluten-free grains include amaranth, brown, white, and wild rice, buckwheat, corn, millet, quinoa and teff.
Dining out and social occasions can be the biggest challenge. Always ask questions and look at the food packages. Certain organizations certify foods as “Gluten-Free”. We have labeling laws for wheat – it will either be listed in ingredients or it will state at the bottom, “Contains Wheat”. Some medications and supplements also can contain wheat. Also, scan for words like malt, malt flavoring, malt vinegar, brewers yeast, and beer (these foods contain barley). Other foods to avoid include spelt, durum flour, kamut, semolina, bulgar, farina and graham flour.
Are “Gluten-Free” foods always healthy? This depends. The ingredients will be a good indicator whether or not the food is a healthy choice or not. Just because a food is labeled as such does not necessarily indicate it is healthy. Stick with foods containing wholesome ingredients with words you can pronounce and understand. Still confused? A Registered Dietitian can work with you to better understand if elimination is right for you.
Here is a simple and delicious gluten-free cookie recipe to try:
Easy Gluten-Free Blueberry Crisp
Ingredients:
- 2 pints fresh blueberries, or any berries, picked over, rinsed, drained
- 1 cup Pamela’s Ultimate Gluten-Free Baking & Pancake Mix or GF baking and pancake mix
- 3/4 cup organic light brown sugar, packed
- 1 teaspoon ground cinnamon
- 1/3 cup Spectrum Organic Shortening
Instructions:
- Preheat oven to 350ºF. Generously schmear a pie plate or 8×8-inch baking dish with butter or vegan shortening.
- Sprinkle a pinch or two of the Pamela’s mix onto the blueberries and toss to coat. Pour the blueberries into the bottom of the dish.
- In a mixing bowl, combine the 1 cup of the gluten-free baking and pancake mix with the brown sugar and cinnamon. Add in the shortening by hand; and rub the mixture between your fingers until it resembles sugary coarse crumbs.
- Layer the crumbs over the blueberries. Bake in a preheated oven until bubbly – about 30 minutes.
Serve warm, topped with a scoop of vanilla ice cream, frozen yogurt, or your favorite non-dairy frozen dessert, if desired.
Makes four generous servings.
Recipe Source: glutenfreegoddess.blogspot.com